Not a week goes by without my receiving an urgent e-mail from someone at a radio station or production company, asking me to "settle an argument" regarding copyright laws.
Typically, the client (or the sales department) is insisting on using copyrighted music in a commercial. The producer thinks it's illegal, but everyone else keeps insisting "it's okay; everyone does it."
Finally I decided to create a single, easy-to-read e-book (PDF format) that answers all the questions you might have regarding copyright law as it affects the day-to-day operation of your broadcast station or production company.
Note: I realize you don't have time to read a dense, legalistic textbook. Although it answers all the copyright-related questions that come up in your radio station every day, the entire e-book numbers just 30 pages. No fluff, no filler. Just the information you need, at your fingertips whenever you need it.
But if you judge a book by the number of its pages rather than by the value of its information, please do not purchase this!
I began by interviewing a nationally known expert on copyright law — an attorney whose work has been cited repeatedly in arguments before the U.S. Supreme Court.
After a brief review of what a "copyright" actually is, our expert addressed every conceivable permutation of copyright law questions — every issue that you've wondered about in the past or might face in the future.
For instance....
• Air a commercial that uses a copyrighted song and/or
performance?
• Air a commercial that features a copyrighted song with your own
original performance?
• Air a commercial that uses a copyrighted song that you have
rewritten to suit the advertiser?
• Air a commercial that uses only an instrumental version of a
copyrighted song?
• Air a commercial for a musical performer’s local concert, using
recorded examples of his/her music?
Hint: This is not covered by your BMI or ASCAP fees! There is a way to do this legally, but very few stations know how.
• Air a TV commercial for your radio station, featuring some of the
music your station plays?
• Record a TV program’s theme music and play it on your
airwaves?
• Air a commercial for a nightclub that includes copyrighted music
representing the types of music the club plays? (Even if the club
itself pays for a license fee to play the music in the club?)
• Take music that has been licensed by a national advertiser for a
national campaign and use it to create a recorded commercial
for a local affiliate or franchisee of that national advertiser?
• Present a dramatic, on-air reading of a copyrighted book?
• Use "drop-ins" or "wild tracks" recorded from TV programs?
• Use "drop-ins" or "wild tracks" recorded from movies?
• Broadcast something you’ve recorded from another TV or radio
station (e.g., news report, news conference, portion of an
interview, etc.)
• Broadcast a sporting event highlight recorded from another
broadcast station?
• "Fair Use"?
• "The Seven-Second Rule"?
Hint: There's no such thing, and there never was! This Guide gives
you all the details!
• "Using just a few bars....?"
• Non-commercial stations?
Hint: The rules are identical for commercial and non-commercial
stations.
• Non-profit advertisers?
Hint: The same rules apply.
• The fees you pay to BMI and ASCAP? (No, they do not allow you
to use copyrighted music in recorded commercials. This is
explained fully and understandably.)
• Even when using material that’s in the public domain?
• The two kinds of rights you need to have acquired before airing a
copyrighted piece?
• If you’re a radio station that airs an "illegal" commercial...even if
the client told you it’s okay to do so?
• If you’re a radio station that airs an "illegal" commercial that was
produced by another radio station?
• If you’re a radio station that airs an "illegal" commercial that was
produced by an ad agency or production company?
• Even if "all the other stations in town do it!"
• For using a copyrighted work as the basis for what commonly is
known as a "song parody"? If it fits the legal definition of
"parody," then it’s allowed. But simply taking a song and writing
funny new lyrics to it (for example, to tie into a topical event)
usually is not legal.
(Does your morning show do lots of parodies? If so, are they
legal? If they’re illegal and you distribute them on CDs, podcasts
or other digital downloads — even when the proceeds go to
charity — do you have any idea how many hundreds of
thousands of dollars that can cost you if you’re caught?)
• If you air an "illegal" commercial that was produced by another
radio station? (For example, when the advertiser has that station
give you a copy to air on your station.)
• If you’re a radio station that airs an "illegal" commercial that was produced by the client?
Big Hint: "We didn’t know" is not a legal defense against copyright infringement!
Neither is, "But we were just following the client’s instructions!"
That’s because copyright law invokes what is known as "Strict Liability" — which this e-book will explain to you fully.
I have priced this book so cheaply that any radio station can afford it. But if you'd rather continue to risk your station's license on hearsay and rumor, you're entitled to make that choice.
But remember, "I didn't know" or "Everyone else does it" or "Somebody told me it was okay" is not a viable defense in a court of law.
Q: If your radio station, TV station, ad agency, production company and/or client is involved in the creation, production or airing of a production that violates copyright law, who is liable?
A: All of you! (And if you’ve got a radio station that is part of a larger parent company, the parent company can be sued, too.
BONUS #1:
I've distilled the highlights into two pages, formatted for you to reproduce and post in your studio, sales office, etc.
But....How can you convince the client that what they're asking is illegal? Good question! That's why I created....
BONUS #2:
The Ultimate, Non-Lawyer’s Guide To Copyright Infringement In Radio Commercials...And How To Avoid It also includes three pages designed especially to share with your clients:
THE DANGERS OF COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT:
A Special Report for Our Valued Clients
You'll be able to explain to your clients in plain English what is legal...and what isn't. I'll even tell you how to respond when the client says, "If you don't do this, I'll find another station that will!"
The Ultimate, Non-Lawyer’s Guide To Copyright Infringement In Radio Commercials...And How To Avoid It is a 30-page e-book (PDF format), available for immediate download.
Your book can be read (and printed) from any computer that has Acrobat Reader (Version 4.0 or higher).
A single copyright infringement can bankrupt your company. Do you really want to continue to take that chance?
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Posted by Ginger Johnson, WRD Entertainment, Inc.
We were so happy to have the information in print to give to our sales staff. They seem to have the hardest time comprehending copyright laws. We so much appreciate your hard work in putting this together. It has helped us tremendously!
Posted by Uncle Harley, Clear Channel-Panama City
This book settles all arguments regarding copyright infringement. Any and all myths (such as "I can use so many seconds of a song"...."I can use so many notes...."I can use so many bars...."my club already has ASCAP/BMI licensing") are laid to rest. I don't know how I lived without it.
Posted by Art Taft, KRTV
To whom it may concern:
In the small market in which we operate a TV station, some members of our advertising community feel immune to the laws of copyright, particularly when it comes to using music. We are also a market that has many casinos; thus songs that have a gambling theme are prone to be used.
When I first came to town, I rejected ads containing lyrics or music from recognized artists. When I called the radio station to warn them of copyright violation, they would respond as follows:
We paid our BMI/ASCAP dues, so we are protected.
We only use 5 seconds of music, and that's allowable.
The client said it was OK for us to use that music.
The client demanded it be used or they would cancel their advertising.
My favorite: "We're such a small market we'll never get caught, and besides if we do, we'll just say we didn't know!"
Then one day Dan O'Day came to town and told a bunch of broadcasters the do's and don'ts of programming, commercials, and copyright.
Did it work? NOPE! Some broadcasters kept on keeping on.
So when I heard about Dan's new book, I jumped on the opportunity to be the best and the brightest and made it my personal mission to share my (Dan's) knowledge about broadcast copyright with our CLIENTS...and gave fair warning to the broadcast community that our station would assume the watchdog role of reporting copyright violations.
It's called;
THE ULTIMATE, NON-LAWYER'S GUIDE TO COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT IN RADIO COMMERCIALS...And How To Avoid It.
Now you have the background for why I bought Dan's brilliant e-book.
It is worth its weight in gold. If you do not have this information at your fingertips, get it!
Posted by John Callahan, WMLP/WVLY
The most effective way I've found for finally getting sales people to understand that using any portion of a copyrighted work, like a song, is not legal. Now when they have questions or outrageous misconceptions I just hand them this guide and all is well.
Posted by Scott MacDermott, 104.9 JRfm/103.7 BOB-FM
Sometimes clients don't believe us when we tell them they can't use a certain song in their spots because of copyright issues. NOW WE HAVE PROOF. It cleared up a lot of areas I wasn't certain of myself. This book is a big help!
Posted by Pat Greiner, KTWO
While this book has been very useful in helping me clarify some of the stickier copyright wickets in my own mind, it's been even more useful as expert documentation to convince the sales department that copyright laws need to be observed. What they won't believe from the production department's mouth, they will believe in printed form. When all else fails, it's useful to flail them about the head and shoulders with!
Posted by Steven Lang, WNGC/WGAU
This book has not only been a great help to me in dealing with sales people, but it has been an excellent tool for them in dealing with clients. Now instead of just being told "No!" the client can be given an easy to understand explanation of why we can't accommodate their request.
Posted by Brian Hart, Triangle Sports Talk 1090 AM
I purchased THE ULTIMATE, NON-LAWYER'S GUIDE TO COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT IN RADIO COMMERCIALS...And How To Avoid It and pull it out whenever one of our account reps says, 'But why CAN'T my client play (Insert Popular Song Title Here) in his commercial?' It's been great!
Posted by George Wolf, WHOK
Just wanted to thank you for making available THE ULTIMATE, NON-LAWYER'S GUIDE TO COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT IN RADIO COMMERCIALS...And How To Avoid It.
It is invaluable! Countless theories exist about these copyright issues, and your guide shows most of them are dead wrong (not to mention dangerous to the station's license!). So glad I ordered it; thanks again!
Posted by Shelby T, K95.5 FM
The handouts at the end of your ULTIMATE, NON-LAWYER'S GUIDE TO COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT IN RADIO COMMERCIALS...And How To Avoid It really came in handy for me!
A piece of copy was handed in with the notation at the bottom of the music the client wanted. It's a song by a little known band that used to be around in the mid '90s but has since broken up.
Needless to say, we ended up using something from our production library that worked just as well, but I don't think that salesperson will turn in another piece of copy like this!
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